A Comprehensive Review on the Ground Granulated …

The FS of concrete at a water to binder ratio of 0.45 is 4.216 MPa for a control mix that does not include GGBS. In addition, the FS is increased to 4.367 MPa, 4.47 MPa and 4.61 MPa, which is 3.58 percent higher, 6.02 percent higher and 9.34 percent higher than the control. 2022, 14, 8783.

Investigation of thermal properties of blast furnace slag to …

In this process a significant amount of energy is transferred to the blast furnace slag (BFS), which reaches temperatures of around 1500 °C at the end of this process (Sadek, 2014). Utilising the waste heat energy from the slag to contribute to heating the pig iron would achieve better energy efficiency and sustainability of the blast …

Products › Ironmaking and steelmaking › Slag …

A modern blast furnace can produce more than a million tons per annum of slag. Slag granulation using water sprays is now an established technology that not only simplifies blast furnace casting floor operations …

Blast Furnace Ironmaking

Paul Wurth has developed the INBA® slag granulation process, incorporating our proprietary dynamic INBA dewatering drum. With about 300 references, it is the most popular and effective route of processing …

An Overview of Utilization of Blast Furnace and Steelmaking Slag …

As one of the latest attempts to improve the recovery of waste heat in steelmaking process, Zhou et al. introduced a slag carbon arrestor process (SCAP) that uses slag to catalyze conversion of tar and coke oven gas (COG) into hydrogen-rich fuel gas, thus increasing the energy content of COG from ~34.6 MJ/kg to ~37.7 MJ/kg which …

Expert system of diagnostics blast furnace process

The basic principle underlying the model is full-scale mathematical modeling. Indicators characterizing the process of the final slag for implementation of the normal slag mode of blast-furnace melting (the slag viscosity at temperatures ranging from 1350 to 1550°C, as well as the values of slag viscosity gradients) were proposed.

Process and property optimization of ceramsite preparation …

The ceramsite was prepared by using Bayan Obo tailings and blast furnace slag of Baotou Steel as the main raw materials and coal gangue as pore-forming agent, and the process system and the performance of ceramsite were optimized. The phase transformation rules of the ceramsite prepared by multi-source solid waste in sintering …

Blast furnace slag granulation | Climate Technology Centre …

Blast furnace slag granulation. Cement is a global commodity, manufactured at thousands of plants. The industry is consolidating globally, but large international firms account for only 30% of the worldwide market. The principal and most visible market for cement is the construction industry in a multitude of applications where it is combined ...

Processing and Reusing Technologies for Steelmaking …

As shown in Fig. 1, nearly 80% of blast furnace slag is granulat-ed slag produced by rapidly cooling hot molten slag (initially at a temperature of about 1,500°C) with a jet of high-pressure water. ... Steelmaking Slag Processing Technology The iron/steel slag processing flow is schematically shown in Fig. 2. Steelmaking slag is subjected to ...

Characteristics of Hydration and Hardening of Steel Slag Mud-Blast …

The results indicate that the steel slag mud still shows good hydrated cementitious property after mechanical grinding. Compared with ordinary steel slag-blast furnace slag-desulphurization, the compressive strength of cementitious materials has the advantage of high early strength. Its hydration products are mainly AFt and C-S-H gel.

Dry slag granulation: producing valuable by-products …

Slag is a high volume by-product from the metal smelting process. Globally, hundreds of millions of tonnes of molten slags are produced each year. Slag is commonly air-cooled in large pits and landfilled or used for road-based materials after crushing and screening. In some modern integrated steelworks, molten blast furnace slag is granulated ...

Modern blast furnace ironmaking. An introduction

In summary, the blast furnace process can be characterized as a counter current, multi-phase heat and mass exchange reactor. Oxygen is removed from oxidic burden constituents and transferred to an ...

Utilisation perspective on water quenched and air-cooled blast furnace …

Blast furnace slag is a by-product of the iron-making process while producing pig iron. The present research provides an understanding of the two different types of slags of water quenched granulated slag and air-cooled slag that are generated from iron making process through the blast furnace route. The chemical, mineralogical, …

Automated Expert Systems in Blast-Furnace Process Control

Expert systems that recognize the state of a blast furnace, ensure its operational stability, and reduce the production costs are considered. An expert system based on a production model of knowledge representation is proposed. The knowledge is extracted from field data, blast-furnace operating experience, and iron production …

Blast Furnace Process | SpringerLink

The only critical operating parameter is the temperature of the hot metal and slag which must be greater than 1425 °C for these products to be tapped from the furnace in the molten state. Metal composition is not a critical feature of the blast furnace process because virtually all blast furnace hot metal is subsequently refined to steel.

Modern Blast Furnace Design

For both new installations and reactor rebuilds, Paul Wurth's modern blast furnace designs are based on the concept of a free-standing, self-supporting vessel with high-quality refractories and a cooling concept …

Hydrometallurgical Leaching Behavior and Kinetic Modeling of Blast

The iron and steel industry in China was developed with the urbanization process. A large amount of energy and sources were wasted in this process, which blocked not only the implementation of the energy conservation but also emission reduction policy [1, 2].Blast furnace slag (BFS) was the most major by-product generated by …

Blast Furnace Ironmaking | SpringerLink

Blast furnace slag is one of the by-products of blast furnace ironmaking. The slag yield of pig iron per ton varies greatly with the iron content, fuel ratio and ash …

Processing of Granulated Blast Furnace Slag and its applications

The most common process for granulating blast furnace slag involves the use of high water volume, high pressure water jets in direct contact with the molten blast furnace slag at a ratio of approximately 10 to 1 by mass. The molten blast furnace slag is quenched almost immediately to form a material generally smaller than a #4 sieve.

Life cycle assessment of a novel blast furnace slag utilization system …

A novel system was proposed to realize the high value-added utilization of blast furnace slag. In this study, a comprehensive analysis concerning energy consumption, environmental impact and economic cost of the system was conducted based on the perspective of life cycle. Considering the serious situation of global …

Blast Furnace Slag

10.2.2 Blast furnace slag. Blast furnace slag (BFS) is a by-product from iron production in blast furnaces, which are fed by a mixture of iron-ore, coke and limestone. In the process, the iron ore is reduced to iron while all remaining materials form the slag, which is tapped off as a molten liquid and cooled.

From waste to waste: iron blast furnace slag for heavy metal …

Inordinate levels of heavy metals in water sources have long been a matter of concern, posing serious environmental and public health risks. Adsorption, on the other hand, is a viable technique for removing heavy metals from water due to its high efficiency, low cost, and ease of operation. Blast furnace slag (BFS) is considered a cheap …

Blast Furnace Ironmaking Process with Super-High TiO2 in the Slag

To increase the utilization fraction of vanadium titano-magnetite in the blast furnace burden to > 80 pct, a new slag zone with high MgO was found. The effect of the TiO2 content and MgO/CaO mass ratio on the viscosity and liquidus temperature of the high TiO2-bearing blast furnace slag was investigated in the present work. The results …

Simulation and Validation of Thickness of Slag Crust on the …

The blast furnace is the dominant high-temperature reactor in the modern ironmaking industry. Iron oxide in iron ores can be converted to metallic iron through blast furnace smelting, and this high-temperature melting can be used to separate the molten iron from the gangue components. The formation and thickness of the hot-surface slag …

Life cycle assessment of a novel blast furnace slag utilization …

Abstract. A novel system was proposed to realize the high value-added utilization of blast furnace slag. In this study, a comprehensive analysis concerning …

Slag System

The binder system produced by activation of blast furnace slag with sodium metasilicate has a low overall Ca/Si ratio of 0.5. Based on the earlier discussion of pH data for a pure system, this would predict the coexistence of low Ca/Si CSH and silica gel, but only a relatively small proportion of the slag hydrates, so the Ca/Si ratio of the CSH ...

Iron processing

Iron processing - Smelting, Refining, Alloying: The primary objective of iron making is to release iron from chemical combination with oxygen, and, since the blast furnace is much the most efficient process, it receives the most attention here. Alternative methods known as direct reduction are used in over a score of countries, but less than 5 percent of iron …

Research and Development on Low Carbon Technologies of Modern Blast …

Abstract. Under the modern blast furnace process conditions, replace the coke or pulverized coal by hydrogen; improve the efficiency of hydrogen reduction in the blast furnace; realize carbon ...

Modern Blast Furnace Ironmaking Technology …

Advances in the blast furnace to reduce the coke consumption [18]. Parallel with the development of the top charging system, the hot stoves system at the lower part of the shaft has undergone ...

Automated Expert Systems in Blast-Furnace Process Control

Metallurgist, Vol. 6 4, Nos. 1-2, May, 2020 (Russian Original Nos. 1-2, January–February, 2020) AUTOMATED EXPERT SYSTEMS IN BLAST-FURNACE PROCESS CONTROL. V. B. Trofimov UDC 004.891:669.162 ...

Granulation and Heat Recovery from Metallurgical Slags

This process involved pouring molten blast furnace slag onto a rotary drum which caused the slag to be broken into droplets. These droplets were collected and mixed with sand and cooled to solidification by air in a fluidized bed. ... (2017) Slag granulation systems for blast furnace. Danieli Corus Report No: B-2-033, p 12. van Laar R, Dupon …

Iron- and Steel-Making Process | SpringerLink

The main bosh cooling and stack cooling systems used in a modern blast furnace are as follows: Cast iron and copper cooling plates, ... such as Al, Si, Ca and Mn metals. Those metals react with dissolved oxygen to form the oxides and transport to slag, as slag formers and the process is known as deoxidation or killing of steel. Hydrogen ...

Blast Furnace Ironmaking

The ironmaking blast furnace (BF) is a very energy-intensive metallurgical process and the prime route for steel production, from which about 70% of the world's steel consumption is produced ( Geerdes et al., 2015 ). The BF system receives coke and ore solid raw material along with hot blast air and continuously produces hot metal as the …

modern blast furnace slag processing system

modern blast furnace slag processing system T07:09:48+00:00 Modern Blast Furnace Instruments ScienceDirect. Oct 01, 1988 Charging Control Protlle Output (X,Y,ZI Conveyor type charging systems are used in the modern blast furnace system The development of high accuracy load cells replaced …

Review of pellets and blast furnace slag research …

process, the blast furnace process faces unprecedented chal-lenges under the pressure of raw materials and environ-mental protection. Sinter and pellets are the most common iron-containing burden for blast furnaces, the proportion of sinter and pellets exceeds 90% of the blast furnace burden, and modern blast furnaces burden contains a little lump

Optimization of high alumina slag practice in blast furnace …

The choice of slag system for the review has been done around the regime of blast furnace slag containing high Al 2 O 3 (>15%) with other slag systems being …