TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES ON SAFETY EVALUATION OF RARE …

DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-767661-6.50170-3 Corpus ID: 132851588; TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES ON SAFETY EVALUATION OF RARE EARTHS USED IN AGRICULTURE @article{Yunjing1985TOXICOLOGICALSO, title={TOXICOLOGICAL STUDIES ON SAFETY EVALUATION OF RARE EARTHS USED IN AGRICULTURE}, author={Ji …

Rare earth elements in marine and terrestrial matrices of Northwestern

Rare earth elements (REEs) are a chemically uniform group of substances belonging to Group IIIb in the Periodic Table, and possess similar physical and chemical properties. ... From a food safety point of view, the health risk to humans consuming edible tissues of game animals from the analyzed district is very low.

Recent advances and emerging trends of rare-earth-ion …

The recent progress in doping rare-earth (RE) ions in the building blocks of PSCs such as semiconductor electrodes and photoactive perovskite layers, and their use as a separate spectral conversion layer in PSCs is systematically reviewed. The effect of RE-UCNPs/RE-DCNPs incorporation in PSCs in terms of utilizing NIR and UV spectrum, …

Safety Information

Rare-earth magnets should not be used in long term contact with the skin. The current Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) should be consulted to obtain current procedures for handling or working with these substances in a safe manner. Neodymium-Iron-Boron rare-earth magnets are susceptible to oxidation.

The race to produce rare earth materials | MIT Technology …

Obtaining rare earth elements begins with obtaining source materials, which can happen, broadly, in three ways: primary extraction, or mining directly from the earth; …

How High-Powered Magnetic Toys Can Harm …

The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is the federal agency that makes sure children's toys and other consumer products are safe. Due to reports of serious injuring to children from swallowing these magnets, …

Boom in Mining Rare Earths Poses Mounting …

The chief worry is that the rare earth elements are bound up in mineral deposits with the low-level radioactive element thorium, exposure to which has been linked to an increased risk of developing lung, …

Toxicological studies on safety of rare earths used in …

Abstract. Studies on the toxicity and safety of a mixture of rare earth metal nitrates (Ce, La, Nd, Pr, and Sm) used in agricultural operations are reported. In mice, rats, and guinea pigs, the oral LD50 ranged from 1397 to 1876 mg/kg; absorption in the gastrointestinal tract was low. The accumulation coefficient was greater than 5.

Social and Environmental Impacts of Rare Earth Mining

The first major news stories of the environmental and social devastation caused by rare earth mining in China circulated in Anglophone media in 2009 (Margonelli 2009).Images of massive tailings ponds into which pipes belched mineral and chemical slurries against an industrial skyline in northern China were published alongside photos …

Radiation Protection and NORM Residue Management in …

This Safety Report is a compilation of detailed information on the processes and materials involved in the production of rare earths from thorium-containing minerals and on the radiological considerations that need to be taken into account by the regulatory body when determining the nature and extent of radiation protection measures.

Frontiers | Toxicity of rare earth elements: An overview on …

This extended use of REEs has raised concerns about human health safety. In this review, we investigated the hazard of REEs to human health and the main gaps …

Regulation of environmental and health impacts in the rare earth …

Regulation of environmental and health impacts in the rare earth element industry. Rare Earth Element (REE) mining, processing and exploitation are large scale industries that use a wide range of chemical substances and generate significant quantities of waste. ... Council Directive 2013/59/Euratom of 5 December 2013 laying down basic safety ...

Frontiers | Toxicity of rare earth elements: An …

Rare earth elements (REEs) are metals including the 15 lanthanides together with Yttrium and Scandium. China is the leading country in their exploitation and production (∼90%). REEs are …

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Rare earth elements: Development, sustainability and policy …

1. Introduction. Rare earth elements are essential to modern life as we know it. With their exceptional magnetic and conductive properties, they enable the hardware …

An Updated Review of Toxicity Effect of the Rare Earth …

Simple Summary. Rare earth elements (REEs) have become important metals in modern-day technology. The process of discarding obsolete equipment …

Environmental impacts of rare earth production | MRS …

Rare earth elements (REEs) are important raw materials for green technologies. However, REE mining and production uses techniques that are often not environmentally sustainable. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a well-recognized method for evaluating the environmental impacts of products and technologies. This article provides …

Is Tahiti Safe? Solo Travel Tips

Tahiti is very safe to walk around. I walked around both Tahiti and Moorea solo at all times with no issue. Crime in Tahiti, including petty crimes like mugging and pickpocketing, are rare.'. One thing to note, use extra precaution if alone at night, as you should in any country.

Rare Earth Security Activities | Department of Energy

Office of Manufacturing and Energy Supply Chains. Rare Earth Security Activities. The Rare Earth Security Activities Program is designed to conduct a program of research …

Rare Earths Statistics and Information | U.S. Geological Survey

The rare earths are a relatively abundant group of 17 elements composed of scandium, yttrium, and the lanthanides. The elements range in crustal abundance from cerium, the 25th most abundant element of the 78 common elements in the Earth's crust at 60 parts per million, to thulium and lutetium, the least abundant rare-earth elements at about 0. ...

Recent advances in rare earth ion‐doped upconversion …

The rare earth ion-doped upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-based sensor has emerged as an innovative and promising approach for detecting and analyzing food contaminants due to its superior photophysical properties, including low autofluorescence background, deep penetration of light, low toxicity, and minimal photodamage to the …

Is Aruba Safe for Solo Travel?

The ocean is generally safe in Aruba. As far as dangerous animals, you are not too likely to encounter sharks in Aruba due to how shallow the waters near the shore. You may come across jellyfish in the ocean, and possibly barracuda on a snorkeling tour. One danger in Aruba's oceans is the rip currents.

The race to produce rare earth materials | MIT Technology …

Obtaining rare earth elements begins with obtaining source materials, which can happen, broadly, in three ways: primary extraction, or mining directly from the earth; recovery from secondary ...

How to build a circular economy for rare-earth elements

Demand for rare-earth elements (REEs) is growing fast. Around 170 kilograms of REEs are required to generate one megawatt of wind-powered energy, for example 1, which is enough to supply about 900 ...

How rare earth elements make modern …

How rare earth elements' hidden properties make modern technology possible. These 17 metals fine-tune light and generate powerful magnetic fields. In August, China finished constructing a maglev ...

Rare earth-based flame retardants for polymer

Rare earth elements are the collection for 17 chemical elements in the third main group B on the periodic table of chemical elements with atomic number 21, 39 and lanthanides with 57–71 [6,7]. ... Superior thermal and fire safety performances of epoxy-based composites with phosphorus-doped cerium oxide nanosheets. Appl Surf Sci (2020)

Rare metals play a strategic and essential role in health

The price of rare-earth elements exploded to a peak in 2010 and production doubled in the following decade. An image of the rare ore and radite at the Kwyjibo Project in North Shore, Qué.

Rare Earth – REIA

The rare-earth elements ( REE) are a group of 17 elements on the periodic table, consisting of the lanthanoid series, and scandium and yttrium. While some REEs are not particularly rare in terms of average abundance in the Earth's crust, they are seldom found in concentrations high enough for economic extraction, and global annual production ...

Journal of Rare Earths | ScienceDirect by Elsevier

The Journal of Rare Earths reports studies on the 17 rare earth elements. It is a unique English-language learned journal that publishes works on various aspects of basic theory and applied science in the field of rare earths (RE). The journal accepts original high-quality original research papers and review articles with inventive content, and ...

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

1. Introduction. Rare earth elements (REEs) form a group of 17 chemically similar metals. Due to their excellent characteristics, REEs are widely used in more than 40 industries in 13 fields, such as metallurgical machinery, electronics, military equipment, sophisticated materials, and environmental protection materials (Alonso et al., 2012, …

(PDF) A book review; "Rare earth elements in human and environmental

The book that I introduced here, "Rare Earth Elements in Human and Environmental Health; At the Crossroads between Toxicity and Safety" edited by Giovanni Pagano (Pan Stanford Publishing Pte ...

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET

Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazard(s): Dry powders of neodymium magnets will oxidize, smolder, and burn rapidly in the presence of air or oxygen. Maintain powders in water slurry or in inert atmospheres of nitrogen or argon to prevent spontaneous combustion. Magnets may spark on impact.

Toxicological Evaluations of Rare Earths and Their Health …

Occupational and public safety and health risks related to the rare earths may be addressed at their mining, transportation, processing, and waste disposal, as well as decommissioning, stages [3]. The possible contaminants cause negative effects on …

A rare‐earth‐based nano‐flame retardant with 2D MXene for …

A rare-earth-based nano-flame retardant with 2D MXene for improving fire safety and mechanical property of thermoplastic polyurethane composites. Ruofan He, Ruofan He. ... this paper offers a new solution for designing multifunctional rare earth flame retardants that are applied in TPU, thereby extending its application in industries and …

Recent advances in rare earth ion-doped upconversion

The rare earth ion-doped upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-based sensor has emerged as an innovative and promising approach for detecting and analyzing food contaminants due to its superior photophysical properties, including low autofluorescence background, deep penetration of light, low toxicity, and minimal photodamage to the biological samples.

Rare earth elements: Development, sustainability and policy …

Rare earth elements are also abundant in phosphorus, silver, and lead mines in different parts of the world. Reprocessing existing mine wastes for rare earths and other useable elements would fix multiple problems at once. ... and even the most carefully-managed operation poses environmental health and safety risks for neighboring …

Rare earth elements: A review of applications

Rare earth elements (REE) include the lanthanide series elements (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu) plus Sc and Y. Currently these …